Analysis Of PPE Reporting In Financial Report Of Adairs - Samples

Question: Talk about the Analysis Of PPE Reporting In Financial Report Of Adairs. Answer: Presentation So as to infer the image of generally speaking monetary execution of an organization at certain purpose of time, the budgetary report assumes critical job. The presence of budgetary report further relies upon the procedure of money related bookkeeping. In the budgetary bookkeeping, process money related information of any related business are accumulated, recorded, summed up and detailed. The hour of report can be current time or over a specific time. Thefinance report is a definitive aftereffect of the budgetary bookkeeping procedure and it has different clarifications and articulations in type of notes that portray the employable t money related state of any business association. The announcements of the report are comprised of monetary records, money moderate explanation and salary proclamation (Miller Power, 2013). The budget summaries are introduced in the illustrative notes that emphasis on explanation of issues identified with utilization of stock, difference in value of the p roprietor, possibilities in risk and other material angles identified with business. This report centers around the effects applied by cost bookkeeping approach of monetary revealing that prompts a standard of conduct of keeping away from revaluation of the basic resource and liabilities of any business on its money related exhibitions. The variables that drive such inspiration of the executives of the association are additionally indentified and examined further introducing examination of PPE announcing in budgetary report of Adairs, an Australian home outfitting retailer organization with assessment. Variables impeding revaluation of plant, property and value: Money related bookkeeping of any business activity incorporates different measure to assess the estimation of the basic resources and supplies. These estimations should be possible receiving reasonable worth methodology, cost model methodology revaluation approach, etc. The reasonable worth monetary bookkeeping fuses the present market estimation of any regarding costs, salary and cost to survey the inherent estimation of advantages of the association (Argyres Zenger, 2012). Under this benefits and liabilities of firm are re-assessed that mirrors the adjustment in their after some time esteems. One of the string highlights of this methodology is the extent of revaluation after some time catching the right amended an incentive with expanding time. Cost model then again manages the way toward conveying money related bookkeeping from the point of view of cost that is cost related realities and information are controlled so as to asses and report the estimation of the advantages and liabilities. Examination, rundown and assessment of a wide range of included expense in nay business is attempted in the cost bookkeeping technique. This is one of the segment concocted to give guidance to the executives with respect to legitimate activities that follows cost productive and skilled systems. Since the greater part of the firm embrace cost model over reasonable worth methodology, there is general inclination with respect to staying away from revaluation of the benefits and liabilities. What elements drive their such inspiration can be deciphered by the increase they get in wording bunk sparing and gaining more benefit by demonstrating lesser benefit of basic resource in the monetary report (Kulikova, Sokolov, Ivanovskaya Akhmedzyanova, 2015).. Lesser revaluation prompts lower estimation of benefits after some time and lower proportion of different factors as uncovered in the report. This permits the firm to smother the status of limit full usage of the assets. Higher use of the assets requests more prominent profitable result and more noteworthy income created from the deals. Higher the income, higher is the uncovered salary of the organizations which require higher installments of duties identified with pay, calling and business. So charge evasion and cost sparing so as to catch higher benefit out of created income is one of the intentions driving behind such choice of keeping away from revaluation. Another rationale can be uncovering lower estimation of benefit deliberately all together maintain a strategic distance from or lessen the profit installment. Lesser estimation of profit and lesser return made to investors really let the organization catch higher capital increase under their ownership that may be used in different purposes, for example, venture for extension or advancement. Impact of maintaining a strategic distance from revaluation: The issues radiating from use of cost bookkeeping approach in monetary bookkeeping is that most importantly cost recording catch just the past exhibitions while the choices which are produced using the are of future by the administration. Cost are ever changing and no expense of a year ago would stay same that of with this year so cost information are of unstable nature subsequently not that solid to be consolidated in the administration model (Pinto, Henry, Robinson Stowe, 2015). Expenses are impression of limit usage Suppression of use status or underutilized assets can have more prominent effect on the cost outcomes henceforth changing the cost structure. Cost approach isn't generally impression of genuine activities occurring, as different costs of budgetary characters are excluded from the bookkeeping framework. Here costs and estimations of benefit may not catch the genuine impression of the costs and economic situation in neighborhood and worldwide regions. This procedure consolidates assimilation of cost at rates decided before which further prompts over or under ingestion of the overheads. Cost bookkeeping requires establishment of numerous records of costing and furthermore their upkeep (Christensen, Glover Wood, 2012). This causes higher use that is inconvenient to the benefit of the business. All the data radiating from this methodology helps in taking significant choices of the administration. Postponements in the getting data hamper the decisional nature of the supervisory group. The framework is additionally dispensed with inflexibility in the tasks. Since the firm dodges revaluation of advantages it calls for different detriments that staying away from revaluation applies on the business procedures. The more noteworthy advantage of utilizing revaluation is credible data about current market valuation and activities can be determined which are basic for the business to know so as to develop business procedures attempt arranging (Henderson, Peirson, Herbohn Howieson, 2015).. Revaluation approach manages reasonable worth contrasted with cost model that make contemplations of cost attempted at the commencement of the undertaking. Distinction in the valuation of advantages and obligation prompts equivocalness in regards to what financing is to be kept up to meet the expense of them, which may result into bombed wasteful administration choice. Reception of reasonable incentive in the revaluation stops control of the organizations in the announced total compensations. Because of absence of revaluation firm may deliberately organize some advantage removal to diminish operational net gain purposefully or to show such in the report so as to stay away from liabilities of higher salary. On the off chance that more liabilities are appeared with lesser resource downplaying the limit usage and valuation of fundamental usable resources then the business thusly makes issue for its own which hampers its administrative execution and development by and large. Effect of maintaining a strategic distance from revaluation on abundance of investors: The revaluation monitors the current valuation according to the economic situation and activity. With time showcase situation changes with changed markers like value level, cost, etc. On the off chance that these extra time changes are not distinguished, investigated and used in type of data the organization is running wastefully. Firms dodging revaluation approach for surveying money related execution intend to shroud the genuine salary level of the organization (Blankespoor, Linsmeier, Petroni Shakespeare, 2013). The thought process behind concealment or concealing lies in the longing of the firm to lessen installment of profit to the investors. The investors who have put resources into the organization and wins benefit dependent on the yearly execution of the organization as far as development of income and benefit age, gets influenced if the pay of the organization is altered. Less pay originate from less resource valuation and more prominent obligation revealed in the budget rep ort. This outcomes in detailing of lesser benefit age and henceforth lesser worth net resource backing per of the investors. This disposes of the measure of their benefit. According to the budgetary term, benefit collection prompts capital and riches building which gets hampered thusly. Assessment of PPE revealing in Financial Statement of Adairs: Adairs, an Australian home outfitting retailer organization has been decided to examine the segments of the budget report. The organization assesses the types of gear and plants following authentic methodology of cost. The devaluation are aggregated and misfortunes because of disability are deducted from it. Figuring of deterioration is done dependent on the straight line approach applied on the life of the benefit and its helpfulness. At each revealing date, the lingering esteems, techniques with respect to deterioration and utility of the life of advantages are assessed and announced. Derecognition assumes significant job and removal is directed after derecognition. Parts of property are derecognised and arranged when there is no extent of monetary advantage or utility emerges later on from their further use or to dispose of it. The benefit or misfortunes exuding from the procedure of derecognition are determined through a taking out the contrast between the natural worth the advantages have and net procedures of the removal. All figure identified with the increase or misfortune are recorded and expressed in the yearly salary report of the organization. The organization faces obligation of making installment to the value holders and the method of circulation follows money and cashless. The dissemination must be approved and avoided from the judgment of the organization. In value relating esteem is perceived. Circulations barring money are estimated following reasonable v

Alice Pauls Determination in Womens Suffrage Example For Students

Alice Pauls Determination in Womens Suffrage It was January 11, 1885 and in Moorestown, New Jersey what I would call a rook in the chess round of women’s testimonial, was conceived. It’s difficult to accept that such a mind-boggling fascination in fairness could be so profoundly submerged in a lady just twenty-seven years old. Nonetheless, when you realize that this individual is as a matter of fact Alice Paul, accepting gets simpler. It was the insubordination confined up inside this sparkler of a lady that drove her consistently through the incredible skirmish of womans testimonial. Experiencing childhood in a Quaker home with steady guardians empowered Paul since the beginning to challenge others’ convictions when they varied from her own. An accentuation was additionally positioned on acting with uprightness. Paul never wavered to do as such and she followed her heart with a visually impaired eye, any place it would lead her. These were the structure obstructs that molded a lady who formed women’s testimonial. Paul headed out to England on a political apprenticeship. It was in England where she become a close acquaintence with a gathering of radicals, and there couldn’t have been a superior time or spot for such a companionship to happen. Britain was at present assimilated in its own fight with women’s testimonial, and this set off a sparkle in Paul that developed to touch off a fire when she pledged to herself to carry angry women's liberation to the United States. If anything somehow managed to put Paul beside her kindred suffragists, it would be her methodologies. The sheer boldness behind them! It’s as though her PhD. in Sociology gave her a key into the psyches of her foes that permitted her to control the development through their unavoidable shortcomings. For example, it is one thing to arrange a picket, yet Paul can curve and architect one to generously stress its impact. The day preceding President Woodrow Wilson’s initiation she arranged and organized walks of picketers to be held before the White House. It was she who bit by bit drove the picketers in the walks. Progress, on the off chance that anything, was Paul’s fundamental plan, and she was not one to wait in a spot that would any not as much as launch her towards her objective. For quite a while, Paul was an individual from NAWSA (National American Women’s Suffrage Association), yet she before long left it for being disappointed in its absence of animosity. Therefore, she framed the National Women’s Party. The gathering was effective in spite of it’s disagreeability for enmity concerning NAWSA, however end up being a more than satisfactory support for the affiliation. The last known point of interest, the NWP proceeded with its line of movement, similar to idleness that in spite of the grinding, conveys something ahead until the end. Persistence was the benefit that made the impact behind her rebellions. Significant alterations that took beginning from this development are the Anthony Amendment, nineteenth Amendment, and the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). Paul was a fundamental component in constraining the endorsement of those recorded above, yet considerably more so significant in the way that she was the one to initially plan and draft the ERA. While others accepted the option to cast a ballot would thusly prompt correspondence between the genders, Paul new better, and realized it well. Her battle was not finished, and for recognized accomplishment to be reached, one must quit any trace of something. It is an incredible trade off that waits in this universe. Paul was not sound through her cooperation in women’s testimonial. It is through these results that she can be assigned ethically gallant. For the sole motivation behind showing her essence at her fights Paul confronted capture and cruel beatings. Through the time slipped by during one of her captures specifically, Paul organized appetite strikes, and thusly lead others to do as such. Limited, those on strike had elastic cylinders fiercely constrained down their noses. It was in this style the strikers ate for longer than a month. After her discharge, the power of the assurance beating within Paul demonstrated a lot for those restricted to womans rights during the time. She was again captured and held in isolation on the mental ward of a jail. What might appear to be a mishap in her capacity to battle developed to get massive in its effect on the development. At the point when the jail where she was held gotten exposure for its awful conditions, Paul increased national compass ion. This, thus, tipped over a domino in womans testimonial, and the development got its looked for acknowledgment. .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae , .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .postImageUrl , .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae , .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae:hover , .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae:visited , .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae:active { border:0!important; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae:active , .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae:hover { darkness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u 08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u08f677b3484a003a3b6b8c92d67a3dae:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Women’s Suffrage Movement in America EssayPaul’s activities demonstrate that if there’s a will, there’s a way. I can adjust this exercise in my own life to defeat whatever impediment I may confront. She has instructed me to continue on, and with this, I can transform my fantasies into a reality. At the point when your objective is conceivable yet some way or another continues staying away from your grip, Paul additionally exhibited that it won’t hurt to get a little on the unpleasant side. Through the exercises she has in unbiasedly shown me, I realize that any standard individual can have any kind of effect. Paul battled for sixty-five years to pick up rights as an American lady, yet she just lived to see half of her fantasy finished. On the off chance that she could see our general public now with the impact the ERA has had, I have no uncertainty she would show a grin greater than every last bit of her endeavors consolidated, triumph sparkling prominently in her eyes. Because of her work, Paul has given a commitment to each lady in America. We should endeavor to improve the world a spot. Her inheritance may introduce this as an overwhelming assignment, yet it truly isnt so. Our ethics and qualities cannot represent themselves, and it is through us that they should be passed on and weaved through mankind. Repudiating a racial slur or in any event, grinning at an outsider are straightforward ways we can address this commitment. Openings are all over the place; I know Ill take the following one. Works Cited Schnell, J. Christopher. Paul, Alice (1885-1977). Finding U.S. History. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Understudy Resource Center Junior. Storm. Poudre High School. 18 Feb. 2011â . Keenan, Sheila. Academic Encyclopedia of Women in the United States. New York: Scholastic Reference, 2002. Print.

Considering the Audience

Considering the Audience “I dont have an audience; I have a set of standards.” â€"Don DeLillo Do you consider your audience when youre writing? I occasionally hear a version of this question from students in my writing class. The answer, however, is not as simple as one might think. My first inclination is to reply, “No.” But that’s not entirely true: if I’m being honest with myself, ultimately the answer is both yes and  no. No because I am not a demographer: I don’t attempt to craft a message for 35â€"55-year-old white females or high school sophomores with divorced parents (though both demographics visit our website). Nor do I attempt to craft a message to appeal to the largest audience: doing so will result in a poorly crafted product. Constantly worrying about what others might  think is futileâ€"and can translate into disingenuousness in your work. Hence why we removed comments from our website: we didn’t want to cater our message to the 0.1% of naysayers trolling the comment threads. Yes because when I consider the readers, they look like me. Not that they’re 30-something-year-old, 6’2? , white males, but I assume my audience thinks  much like me: open-minded, inquisitive, introspective. My typical readers struggle with important life issues, just like me. They’re inherently flawed, just like me. These are the points where we connect with one another. Thus, I don’t attempt to craft a message that will appeal to all: I simply write for youâ€"someone who thinks like me. We will disagree occasionallyâ€"even I disagree with myself at timesâ€"but we’re receptive to new ideas, and we’re willing to change our minds. There are obvious examples in which this method of creation will not workâ€"diapers, medications, computersâ€"but for many creative types, it’s best to consider yourself the audience: despite our differences, there are millions of people just like me and you. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

International Trade Is An Effective Stimulation Of...

Engaging in international trade is an effective stimulation of economic growth. David Ricardo’s principle of comparative advantage argues while nations involved in international trade, a country will become specialised in producing a product that has the lowest relative costs. (Economist, 2015) By focusing on the production onto a limited scope of product or industries, firms or the nation will experience rise in productivity due to higher efficiency in allocation and utilisation of resources. As the process of specialisation will cause reallocation of other less efficient resources, nations, as a result, will import products that are less efficiently produced from other countries. While different nations specialising in different goods and services, a greater variety and cheaper products will become available for consumption, improving the quality and quantity of consumption by all nations. To determine whether developing nations are experiencing disadvantage in the internati onal trade, it requires a careful examination with Porter’s Diamond factor endowments. It analysis a nation s competitiveness under four categories: factor endowments, demand condition, related and supporting industries and firm strategy, structure and rivalry. Factor endowments meaning the availability of resources and skills, which can further categorise into basic and advanced factor. To fully utilise the potentials within a nation (Basic factor), it requires policy set by different parties suchShow MoreRelatedExport Import Technological Factor in Malaysia988 Words   |  4 Pagescom/doc/24650411/EXIM-Policy-Project 2. http://www.exim-policy.com/ 3. For India to become  a major player in  world trade, an all encompassing,comprehensive view needs to be taken for the overall development of thecountry ¶s  foreign  trade. 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Essay on The Formation of the United Nations - 953 Words

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Although, some economists argue that by creating more jobs during World War II, put America into even more debt than the country was alreadyRead MoreGeorge Washington s Farewell Address Essay1258 Words   |  6 Pagesadvised the nation to stand together as one united country, warned the people about the dangers of political parties and he established foundational reasons for the country to not become over involved in foreign affairs. These three principles set forth an understanding that was monumental for American society. Their level of importance serves as a near perfect reflection to both the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution as the building blocks to a great nation. Each of these

Nervous Conditions Free Essays

In my opinion, Tambu was neither seduced nor brainwashed by the â€Å"Englishness†. Tambu had grown up in an African society  whereby women were fighting for the effects of patriarchal traditions in the history of their culture. Women in Tambu’s society  struggled to find their voices in  this male dominated world. We will write a custom essay sample on Nervous Conditions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Tambu did not want to be like one of these African women, being trapped in traditional roles and could be nothing more but just a good housewife. She realised at a very young age that perhaps the â€Å"Englishness† was her only escape route to a better life. A life that has no more  poverty and women are able  to break out of their traditional roles. Therefore, she was so determined to pursue this  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Englishness† that she would never ever give up  her dream no matter how harsh things had turned out for her. Apart from that, she was also able to see how differently things were for the English educated people like Nhamo and Babamukuru. Both of them were highly respected and had the power to make people listen to them. She wished to be one of them and  knew very clearly that her life could definitely be made better if she was like one  of them. This made her strive even harder for education. Hence, I conclude that Tambu was not seduced or brainwashed by the â€Å"Englishness†. After all, this is the road Tambu had chosen for herself voluntarily, a road that she assumed will promise her well-being, dignity and freedom. How to cite Nervous Conditions, Papers

Trash Essay Example For Students

Trash Essay Of all the movies that have ever been based on historical events and people, none have matched the accuracy and quality of the motion picture Gandhi. One could almost mistake the factual history of Gandhis life as a summary of the movie plot. The portrayal of Gandhis character was flawless, and was not one hint of the usual dramatics that have ruined the credibility of most historical based films. The storyline in the movie starts off with Gandhi, a young lawyer just out of British law school, on his way to South Africa by train. While on the train, Gandhi is confronted by the conductor, who orders him to move from the first class compartments to the third class storage simply because. The movie Gandhi starts off with the assassination of Gandhi on January 30, 1948. He was killed because of the split of Hindus and Muslims into Pakistan and India, instead of trying to keep the country united (which was impossible at the time). The story then jumps back to Gandhi early in his life, when he is a practicing attorney. He is traveling in South Africa on a train and is thrown off because he refuses to give up his first class seat. The conductor wants him to move because he is Indian. This upsets him and he organizes a burning of the discriminatory codes. The protestors are arrested and released. Gandhi is motivated by religious means; he believes that everyone is equal in Gods eyes. He gets involved in several movements for equality, and he stresses non-violence very strongly. The Indians are very mad because British rule continues to limit their rights. They are supposed to all get fingerprinted, and their marriage laws are invalid. Gandhis followers vow to fight their o ppressors to the death, but he discourages them from violence. He and his wife form a sort of commune of purity. They live off of the land entirely. During one scene, they ask all of Gandhis followers to burn all of their clothes that were made in Britain and wear only what they can make themselves. Gandhi practices this for the rest of his life, usually wearing just a loincloth. In another scene, Gandhi is in jail, and some of his followers are peacefully gathered in a square. The police lock up the square and kill almost everyone, over 1,500 people. Gandhi is disgusted and discouraged. He continues to preach non-violence, but the Indians do have occasional conflict with the police. Gandhis counter to the popular phrase an eye for an eye says that after that, everyone will be blind. Gandhi leads several organized protests against British rule. In one, all Indians stopped doing their work, and the major cities in the country were disabled. Another time, he led a 165-mile walk to the sea to protest the British monopoly on salt. The Indians made their own salt out of the sea. A turning point on the Indian fight for independence was the western press. Reporters witnessed a scene in which Indians tried to get into a factory row by row, and were brutally beaten by soldiers, row by row, as the women pulled the dead and injured away. Also, a reporter for Time magazine met Gandhi when he was in jail, took a lot of pictures of him, and made his plight known to the world. Finally, Gandhi travels to Europe to negotiate Indias freedom. While there, they cover some ground, but the actual release comes several years later, on August 15, 1947. After they are free, there is a civil war between the Hindus and the Muslims. They are forced to move around so they are in separate parts, India and Pakistan, and total chaos breaks out. Gandhi goes on another one of his fasts and refuses to eat until he is convinced all fighting has stopped. This is very difficult, but is accomplishe d. Soon afterwards, however, is his asassination. The movie Gandhi starts off with the assassination of Gandhi on January 30, 1948. He was killed because of the split of Hindus and Muslims into Pakistan and India, instead of trying to keep the country united (which was impossible at the time). The story then jumps back to Gandhi early in his life, when he is a practicing attorney. He is traveling in South Africa on a train and is thrown off because he refuses to give up his first class seat. The conductor wants him to move because he is Indian. This upsets him and he organizes a burning of the discriminatory codes. We are let into Gandhis life at 24yrs of age in the movie Ghandhi, upon which we see him getting kicked off the train. Though he is a stand up citizen and a respected lawyer he is treated with the same disrespect as blacks were during the Rosa Parks incident. We see an immediate racial prejudice .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 , .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .postImageUrl , .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 , .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5:hover , .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5:visited , .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5:active { border:0!important; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5:active , .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5 .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uded18723fd5791e367751437622b8da5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hemingway, In The Old Man And The Sea , Examines The Struggles Of Man Essay We will write a custom essay on Trash specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Veterans essays

Veterans essays Veterans are those who have served in order to honor and protect their country. As these individuals boldly practiced their beliefs in freedom, they inadvertently rewrote history, and we as Americans honor these patriots who were willing to give the ultimate sacrifice. Veterans Day is the day that we set aside to honor those who served, but one day does not cover all the bloodshed. The day is not enough to show the appreciation which is due to the countless number of heroic men and women. The American people should do more to show respect to their veterans. After the many hard, sweaty days fighting the enemy with your friends dying all around you, the confrontation is finally over. A soldier gets to go home, but others will not be so lucky. This is what it means to be a veteran. Many people would just say it is putting on a uniform and carrying a gun against an enemy, but it is so much more than that. It is serving your country and standing up for what one believes is right. A veterans glory is not appreciated by the majority of the American people, because they do not understand all the heartache and pain that comes with the job. These heroes did not have to be asked to do what was right, or uphold their countries values. True, some were drafted to fight, but not one of these individuals would say it was not a life changing experience for them. The memory, whether happy or painful, will be permanently stuck with them for the rest of their lives. The men and women who helped shape the face of this country through their honor, legacy, and patriotism are those we call veterans. They are our dads, moms, uncles, brothers, and grandfathers. Yet, we constantly overlook their desire and passion for this country. The gratitude that they deserve is not shown towards them, as it should be. The way that the American people think that they sho ...

3 Methods Used to Steal Trees

3 Methods Used to Steal Trees Tom Kazee is s woodland security expert based in Orange Park, Florida. Tom has decades of experience in the woodland security business and contributes regularly to Tree Farmer Magazine. He has written a great piece on timber theft with tips on how to prevent this kind of theft. Mr. Kazee suggests there are basically three ways timber is stolen. As a timber owner or forest manager, you would be wise to study these methods of theft and take preventative actions to avoid a rip-off. The purpose of this report is only to make you wise to the ways of a timber thief. Although the vast majority of people who buy and harvest trees are honest there are people who will cheat and try to deceive timber owners and sellers for financial gain. Harvesting Directly on Your Property Thieves will set up a harvest directly on your property or will move over on you from adjacent ownership. They have observed that the propertys management and know that timber theft is an acceptable risk. Although mistakes can happen to honest loggers, I am talking here about timber being taken with evil intent. Ways to Prevent the Theft: Inspect your property regularly. Your own neglect can encourage thieves. Inspections will also catch insect and disease problems early and head off line encroachment.Maintain and refresh proper boundary markings. It is much easier to do this when property lines are still visible. Always freshen up your lines when harvesting is occurring on adjacent property.Cultivate good neighbors and encourage good lease-holders to keep an eye open. Pretend to Be a Buyer Thieves dressed as buyers will offer absurdly low prices for timber knowing that the landowner has no idea of the value. Although it is not a crime to give away your trees, it is a crime to misrepresent their value Ways to Prevent the Theft: Timber market values and tree volumes can be hard to determine without a professional. Always get a second opinion of values and volumes, especially where large acreage is involved. You might want to hire a forestry consultant or buy a timber inventory from a third party.Check out all timber buyers by asking for referrals and by inquiring about the buyer at your local or state foresters office.Avoid the temptation to make a quick sell to a friendly buyer. Take a deep breath and ask the buyer for some time for you to think about what you are going to do. You should not feel pressured by the buyer. Making a Lump Sum Sale Thieves can actually steal trees after you have approved and allowed the harvest. Poor accounting in both lump sum sales and unit sales can tempt a logger or a trucker to misreport trees cut and/or volumes represented. Ways to Prevent the Theft: No timber should leave the loading site on pay-as-cut sales unless the load has been recorded by date, species, time and destination. Reputable loggers have these records.All records must be available for inspection and collected at the end of each week. These records should then be compared to scale tickets for reconciliation.You or your agent need to be on-site and visible at random times during the week.

Chinese History and Political Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chinese History and Political Science - Essay Example Throughout the world of art, this piece of painting is symbolic and has symbolism that relates to the Chinese culture in various ways. In terms of nature and art, the paintings’ name; landscape, is a combination of two characters namely; water and mountains (Sullivan, 140). With such imprinted in the painting, it is safe to say that nature and art go hand in hand. They have a connection in that both can be represented as one. Water and mountains are natures’ products; they appear naturally and as such certain mountains and rivers are only present in specific places. When this is incorporated into art, then an exquisite piece is generated; one which combines both nature and art to bring out the desired effect onto the art lovers (Sullivan, 165). In terms of tradition, paintings in the Chinese tradition are painted by artists with creative minds in that they imagine what to draw. What they imagine is idealized into landscapes, and this includes mountains (Sullivan, 182). In the Chinese culture, mountains are a blessing, and they are considered good to a persons’ soul. It is this belief that makes the Chinese people love mountains since they are viewed to reach up to the heavens. Colors used also signify something, especially that of water. When green is used, it signifies spring time while jade is summer, blue is autumn and black means winter. Chinese landscape paintings are painted with consideration and significance to the village, seasons, event, age, relationships and taste (Sullivan, 203). The Japanese court painting is a painting that symbolizes the tradition and culture of the Japanese people also in a number of ways (Mason and Donald, 124). The painting dates back to when Buddhism and Taoism had influence over certain denominations. It came to be known as the Heian period, where art signified art and its courts.

Immigration Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Immigration Reform - Essay Example This paper is aimed at providing a critical thoughtful process of the immigration reform that has been conducted in the United States of America, mainly after the incident of the 9/11 attack on the country. Comparative and Analysis: The Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) has implemented reformatory policies aimed at providing anti-immigrant movements in the country. The most important mission of these policies is to achieve the aim of zero level of immigration in the country. These reformatory policies have blamed immigrants as the main cause of economic as well as environmental problems of the country. Immigrants are also blamed in regard to these policies as putting greater amount of pressure on the population of the country. The first policy in the context of immigration reform was implemented in 1979 by the chairman of the FAIR, John Tanton, who was also known as the "father of the anti-immigration movement" in the country. During this time policies related to immi gration reform have been developed for the purpose of providing greater amount of economic and environmental supports to the country and also to reduce the growing level of population of the country (FEDERATION FOR AMERICAN IMMIGRATION REFORM, 1). Classical liberalism Classical liberalism has been playing an important role in the process of social, cultural as well as economic development in the country since a long time. The country has been highly liberal regarding migration of people from other countries into their country. Large number of people who came into this country from countries across the globe is living temporarily or permanently in this country. They have become an integral part of this country. Political, economic, social, cultural, educational – all these aspects did not (do not and will not) match with these immigrants. However, these people are increasingly becoming citizens of the United States of America. But the debate regarding increase in the amount of migrated people in the country occurred after the 9/11 attack of 2001 on the World Trade Center. After this attack, politicians and American people started to raise their voice against immigrations and the need for immigration reform has been realized during this time by politicians of the country (Fitz and Kelley, 4). Factions (Pluralism) Political leaders and people of the country have started to raise their voice against the immigration and different policies have started to be proposed during this time. These policies have been put forward by several groups of people who have argued that the level of safety of resources and lives of general people of the country to a great extent if these policies are implemented. In these reformatory policies mainly specifies groups or factions were targeted. These groups have been constructed including, mainly, immigrants from Pakistan, Afghanistan and people of other middle-east countries. Mainly people who belong to the Muslim religion have been included in this group. â€Å"The House of Representatives preempted anticipated Senate action in late 2005 by passing an extreme enforcement measure (H.R. 4437) sponsored by Rep. Jim Sensenbrenner (R-WI). That bill, which would have felonized the undocumented population and many who interact with them, triggered an enormous backlash

Sex Chromosomes Essay -- Biology, Heterothallic Fungi

The mechanisms responsible for the origin and maintenance of large non-recombining regions on sex chromosomes have been mostly studied in plants and animals, but the recent discovery of similar features on the fungal chromosomes carrying mating type genes in several species may shed new light on this phenomenon (Fraser et al. 2004). Sex chromosomes in plants and animals have evolved from an autosomal pair by the expansion of the non-recombining region around complementary genes determining sex-specific functions (Bergero and Charlesworth 2009). Such a multi-step expansion of the non-recombining regions in sex chromosomes, forming â€Å"evolutionary strata† (Lahn and Page 1999), is usually explained by the recruitment of genes determining sexually antagonistic traits (i.e. beneficial in males and deleterious in females, or conversely), via a selection for linkage to the sex-determining genes (Rice 1987, Charlesworth 2005). Selective forces driving the evolution of non-recomb ining regions are however likely to be different in fungi as cells of different mating types exhibit little phenotypic differences. In heterothallic fungi, syngamy can only occur between haploid cells carrying different alleles at the mating type genes, while in homothallic fungi, no such differences are required, allowing universal compatibility (Billiard et al. 2011). The two main fungal phyla have different mating type genes and organization: a single locus controls mating type in ascomycetes against two loci in basidiomycetes (i.e. haploid cells should carry different alleles at both loci for successful mating). One of the two loci controlling mating types in basidiomycetes encodes pheromones and pheromone receptors involved in syngamy while the other locus... ...Smith et al. 2004) and Cryptococcus neoformans (Wang et al. 2002). In R. toluroides, the gene encoding ste20 is surrounded with genes encoding pheromones (Coelho et al. 2008). Other genes, such as the abc1, with more elusive role in mating and development of fungi have also been found in close proximity to the genes encoding the pheromone and its receptor in R. toluroides (Coelho et al. 2008). In this study, our goals were therefore to: 1) identify additional genes belonging to the mating type locus in Microbotryum, in particular the genes encoding the pheromones and the homeodomain proteins, all of which control mating types in most basidiomycetes, 2) assess whether the genealogies of genes in the mating type region as well as of loci of the previously proposed strata are consistent with the existence of evolutionary strata along the mating type chromosomes.

Knowledge Management Conocophillips Essay

We express our deep gratitude to Mr. Gurparkash Singh for his constant support, guidance and motivation which helped us immensely in completing this project. The project provided us with an opportunity to understand the fundamentals of Knowledge Management in a better manner and its application in corporate world. The insistence on taking up a project on application of Knowledge Management in energy based firm and promoting it with latest technologies used by them to get a competitive advantage. ABSTRACT We have ConocoPhillips as our project firm of Knowledge Management. We learnt a lot about the importance of Knowledge sharing in today’s firms. The company continues to make tremendous progress toward its vision of creating a work place where employees continually deliver additional value through global collaboration and expertise sharing. At ConocoPhillips, support for sharing comes from the executive level and cascades downward and outward throughout the U.S.’s 6th largest global firm. The following report describe the approach, knowledge initiatives and use of lessons learned that have propelled ConocoPhillips’ current knowledge sharing and learning platform forward. At the end of this document, we have provided metrics that demonstrate the robust growth of Knowledge Sharing at ConocoPhillips COMPANY PROFILE ConocoPhillips Company is an American multinational energy corporation with its headquarters located in the Energy Corridor district of Houston, Texas in the United States. It is the world’s largest independent pure-play exploration & production company and is also one of the Fortune 500 companies. ConocoPhillips was created through the merger of Conoco Inc. and the Phillips Petroleum Company on August 30, 2002 and was the fifth largest integrated oil company until spinning off its downstream assets to Phillips 66 ConocoPhillips focuses solely on exploring for, developing and producing oil and natural gas globally. The company manages its operations through six operating segments, which are defined by geographic region: Alaska, Lower 48  and Latin America, Canada, Europe, Asia Pacific and Middle East, and Other International. It currently owns 8.4% of the shares of the consortium exploiting Kashagan oil field however the company seeks to reduce its non-core assets in order to use the cash for debt reduction, fund its capital program, and dividend payments. On October 3, 2012, the Kazakh Oil and Gas Minister told reporters that ConocoPhillips has informed Kazkahstan of their intention to sell their shares. In November 26, in its biggest acquisition ever, ONGC Videsh agreed to buy ConocoPhillips’ 8.4% stake in the Kashagan oilfield for about US $5 billion. The stake buy is subject to approval of governments of Kazakhstan and India and also to other partners in the Caspian Sea field waiv ing their pre-emption rights. Need of knowledge Management Smart managers intuitively understand the importance of the problems that knowledge management efforts are often designed to address: sprinkled across most organizations are people doing similar kinds of work, but they often remain unaware of one another’s expertise, successes, and failures. Some of this lack of awareness is the result of waves of downsizing, reorganizations, leadership changes, and new acquisitions. But even in the best-managed large organizations, employees who could benefit from one another’s experiences are often isolated by formal structures and mechanisms that subdivide work into different reporting channels and focus employees on local rather than global goals. To serve customers well and remain in business companies must: reduce their cycle times, operate with minimum fixed assets and overhead (people, inventory and facilities), shorten product development time, improve customer service, empower employees, innovate and deliver high quality produ cts enhance and adoption, capture information, create knowledge, share and learn. Effective knowledge management should dramatically reduce costs. Most individuals, teams and organizations are today continually ‘reinventing the wheel’. This is often because they simply do not know that what they are trying to do have already been done by elsewhere. They do not know what is already known, or they do not know where to access the knowledge. Continually reinventing the wheel is such a costly and inefficient activity, whereas a more systematic reuse of knowledge will show substantial cost benefits immediately But as well as  reducing costs, effective knowledge management should also dramatically increase our speed of response as a direct result of better knowledge access and application. Effective knowledge management, using more collective and systematic processes, will also reduce our tendency to ‘repeat the same mistakes’. This is, again, extremely costly and inefficient. Effective knowledge management, therefore, can dramatically improve quality of products and/or services. Better knowing the stakeholder needs, customer needs, employee needs, industry needs, for example, has an obvious immediate effect on the relationship management. The Knowledge Economy is the next booming economy in a world of recession. More individuals, teams, organizations and inter-organizational networks will be restructuring and renewing themselves with the primary purpose of profitably trading their knowledge to add even higher value, predominantly on the World Wide Web. Already we see more enlightened organizations developing and applying the knowledge they have about their industry, customers, partners and stakeholders, as their prime strategic asset, and at the highest point in the value chain. And many are becoming less involved, and more open to profitably outsourcing the other business operations. Around the world we hear automobile companies talking far more about their critical and key knowledge areas of design, knowledge of manufacturing , knowledge of distribution, knowledge of service and support etc as their ‘crown jewels’ or ‘master recipe’. Based on applying this key knowledge they then outsource the other business components. We hear the same from the aerospace industry, the oil and gas industry, the information technology industry, the food and agricultural industry, the healthcare industry, in fact most, if not all, industries. None of this is possible without a continual focus on the creation, updating, availability, quality and use of knowledge by all employees and teams, at work and in the marketplace. CORE CONCERN AT CONOCOPHILLIPS Baby boomers nearing retirement age pose a challenge to sustaining effective networks. At ConocoPhillips. nearly 20 percent of the employee base is eligible for retirement. In the coming years, another nearly 20 percent will qualify for retirement. These highly experienced employees possess valuable business knowledge and often serve as subject matter experts or network  leaders. It is vital to capture their knowledge and experience so that it can be reused across the enterprise and accelerate learning. Losing core team network members presents another challenge to networks of excellence. The project management network, for example, frequently redeploys and reassigns network leaders and core team members in the organization. High leadership turnover rates can lead to network disengagement and a loss of expertise. The knowledge-sharing team works closely with networks that experience changes in leadership to overcome obstacles and find ways to sustain continuous leadership â€Å"Networks of Excellence† (NoEs) Due to all these needs ConocoPhillips came with the concept of NOE’s. These internal communities of practice intended to encourage knowledge sharing. Articulating roles and responsibilities, attending to the network’s daily operations, and working to institute a culture that supports the exchange of knowledge are all crucial, but at ConocoPhillips, the foundational principle of network building is this: a Network of Excellence must demonstrate its ability to contribute significant value, either in cost savings or in revenue generation. In 2004, ConocoPhillips launched a large initiative to create internal communities of practice that would enhance knowledge sharing within the firm. For this international integrated energy company with thousands of job sites (often quite remote) spread across 30 countries, the challenge of sharing knowledge was very real—and the potential payoff was large. Facing fierce competition on all fronts, ConocoPhillips knew that to continue on its success trajectory, it needed to rapidly and effectively harness the knowledge of its highly skilled but geographically distributed workforce. Instead of assuming that technology either was the solution or was irrelevant when creating online communities, senior managers understood that effective global communities required new processes, roles, cultures, and technologies. They also recognized that each had to be focused on solving difficult business year challenges. With more than 10,000 employees participating in about 100 of what ConocoPhillips calls â€Å"Networks of Excellence† (NoEs) and a growth rate of about 10 new networks per year, the company has developed a set of valuable principles for identifying, nurturing, and enabling these topic-focused communities. A culture of knowledge sharing has emerged in which network members take responsibility  for helping their globally distributed colleagues—even if they meet face to face only once or twice a month. Network Formation at ConocoPhillips Ensuring that each new network has the greatest chance to succeed is a process that begins long before the network is formed. Many authors and consultants stress the informal nature of such communities, arguing that any attempt to systematize them will crush them. ConocoPhillips found the exact opposite—that without clear and explicit links to the organization and its business purpose, networks often evolve in ways that fail to contribute to business goals. The company adheres to two fundamental principles in this regard. First, no network is created without a clear and detailed business case that specifies the value proposition to the company and is agreed on by network leaders and members. Insisting on a business case prior to the creation of a network goes against the typical â€Å"let a thousand flowers bloom† approach that is often promoted. But in many cases, uncontrolled growth of new networks saps employees’ attention and engagement, leading to neglect an d network failure. Setting a high bar at the outset means that every potential new network must have a strong business justification, which signals to potential leaders and members that the result will not be something that consumes their time without producing real business value. Today, more than 120 networks exist across the organization. Networks align with business functions to assist in the achievement of functional excellence. The portals are open, in that both contract and full-time employees have access to most network activity. Given that between 70 percent and 80 percent of organizational learning occurs informally and outside the classroom, networks support informal learning among members. Networks exist across all technical disciplines, and most arc supported by functional excellence teams. Functional excellence teams include line managers from business units and assets who are accountable for networks. Functional excellence teams provide structure, governance, and leadership required for effective networks of excellence. The knowledge-sharing leadership team (i.e., not the core group) includes representatives from various business streams across the organization who help set direction and strategy. The knowledge-sharing leadership team also provides support for reward and recognition programs organization-wide. The enterprise  knowledge-sharing team oversees network activities. Promoting Knowledge Sharing at ConocoPhillips INTERACTIVE SESSIONS They reorganized and the solid state of their knowledge assets will help with this effort. More than 70% of their good ideas have come from their employees. Good things happen when employees talk to each other. TOP LEVEL PARTICIPATION The most successful KM efforts have senior sponsor of rank and respect in the organization. Most KM groups are placed too far down the hierarchy to be effective. Their KM effort started when a senior executive felt they were re-inventing things too much. The focus was always connecting people more than collecting documents. They grew by sharing success stories. Sharing these success stories was connected to their variable compensation plan and this really triggered response. ARCHIMEDES AWARDS In 2005, ConocoPhillips introduced its Archimedes Awards to recognize business units and regions for the four primary types of behaviors that an effective knowledge sharing-enabled culture requires. The awards, known informally as the 4G’s, symbolize: * giving, * grabbing and * gathering knowledge, * Along with spilling one’s â€Å"guts† to prevent others from having to repeat painful lessons learned. They have documented over 9 billion dollars in gains through the program. These awards are given to the business units or regions that have successfully created a collaborative work force through giving, taking and applying, and sharing knowledge. Network of the Year award On an individual basis, ConocoPhillips also recognizes the most outstanding networks through the Network of the Year award. Three networks are nominated quarterly by the global governing body of high-level program sponsors, based upon several criteria of collaboration and networking  performance. Four networks are yearly selected as Networks of the Year. Being nominated is considered a high honor within the company. The awards have become highly respected symbols of global collaboration. HALL OF HONORS Regions and certain functions have created their own rewards to recognize people at a local level. For example, the North Sea Business Unit and the Operations Excellence function let people recognize their peers for outstanding efforts that promote knowledge and collaboration. As further evidence of the strength of the Archimedes Network of the Year award, in 2011, ConocoPhillips introduced the Hall of Honors to recognize networks which have produced superior results year over year. Networks which have won the title of Network of the Year three or more times are named into the Hall of Honors and retain the honor for three years. Afterwards, they are eligible again to compete for Network of the Year. The Hall of Honors represents a significant milestone in the growth and maturity of the ConocoPhillips Knowledge Sharing program and enables the recognition of more noteworthy networks. KNOWLEDGE PROMOTION TOOLS ConocoPhillips has three main tools: Ask and Discuss, Knowledge Library, and One Wiki . Ask and Discuss: component has led to 100,000 exchanges. They don’t believe in formal lessons learned. It takes too much time. Informal connections work better. The formal lessons learned become out of date very quickly and talking with people gives the most current ideas. People want to help each other but they also want answers quickly. Knowledge libraries: and Discussion forums are embedded in each community portal. Network portals are accessed frequently; for example, ConocoPhillips recorded more than 1.3 million hits monthly on its family of SharePoint-based network portal sites during a six-month period between April and October 2009 Within each community, the Ask and Discuss forum is a place to post questions and initiate discussions. The organization tracks the number of questions posted, the number of replies, and the number of readers per question or discussion. Data show that an average of 20 people read a single reply. In other words, for just five replies, about 100 people read the responses and absorb the information contained therein. Content that complements Ask and  Discuss forums is stored in the network’s knowledge library. This content is reviewed and analyzed by subject matter experts and then posted to the library using a taxonomy developed by the knowledge-sharing team and corroborated by network leaders. Knowledge library content is quality controlled; only the most valuable knowledge is retained in the library The wiki : is the first place to look for content. All of their success stories have an economic impact. One had 87 million dollars of benefits. Sharing this is important. Giving credit to the employees is critical. Getting middle managers on board was done through conveying business value of knowledge sharing. Documented success stories, best practices and lessons learned in the form of closed discussions play a large role in providing context to Wiki articles. OneWiki has been deployed across the company and involves many networks, teams and work groups. Even at this early stage, OneWiki is proving to be a natural place to capture the insight and wisdom that accepted knowledge (lessons learned and best practices) has become. Further, the Wiki concept is familiar to people and encourages them to find and keep accumulated knowledge up† to†date. Internally branding the wiki as â€Å"OneWiki† has sent an important message that this is the one and only place for contextual, encyclopedic knowledge in ConocoPhillips. To introduce OneWiki to the enterprise, the global KS Team created a set of high†end computer†based training modules. The team meets regularly with individuals deemed content moderators to ensure they are aware of the governing standards. Closed discussions: enabling portal discussions as a way to capture and transfer lessons learned is a cornerstone of the ConocoPhillips Knowledge Sharing strategy. The sharing of discussions across sister networks yields even greater value for the company. But the latest, most exciting KS initiative is rapidly positioning ConocoPhillips to gain significant value by integrating Web 2.0 technology with the Knowledge Sharing platform. The two†pronged approach consists of Closed Discussion Items and Wiki technology and processes. Four years ago, the KS Team recognized the potential of lost knowledge retention opportunities when valuable knowledge from online discussions eventually aged on network portals. Many discussions contain detailed analysis and background information that represent an extensive body of knowledge from experienced network members. To recapture the benefit of such knowledge and provide it a  Ã¢â‚¬Å"second life,† the team actively researched the discussions that had reached closure and were deemed to have yielded a successful result. The KS team created a process and policy to encourage network leaders to officially ‘close’ those discussions. These were then turned into searchable lessons learned documents that were added to the network’s knowledge library for members and others to search and browse. This approach has proven to be a more useful and efficient means of capturing,storing, accessing and re†using intellectual capital than more traditional and costly methods MEMBER ENGAGEMENT When ConocoPhillips first began launching networks, business units perceived them as a corporate initiative that was being added to normal workloads (i.e., above the flow of work). Membership engagement has helped change that perception and is one of the building blocks required for successful networks of excellence. Creating connections between similar networks increases engagement and allows the organization to leverage knowledge more effectively. Sister networks are linked by business objectives and functions. One network currently has 16 sister networks. Network members can post Ask and Discuss questions to related networks to engage a broader audience in finding a solution. Only meaningful, out-of-the-ordinary questions approved by the network leader are posted to sister network sites. The goal is to further engage similar networks and let others know of network issues and activities. METHODS OF PROMOTING MEMBER ENGAGEMENT Network leaders are constantly aware of the need to promote engagement and increase membership. One method for promoting engagement is to transition members from e-mail to the know ledge portal to more effectively drive use of the Ask and Discuss forums. When a leader receives an e-mail message, for example, he or she may suggest that the member post the question on the network portal: this action will encourage users to become more active in the network by visiting the site rather than posting a question to a single resource. Network leaders also drive network participation by posting new announcements, events, and discussion items in the portal keeping the network fresh helps sustain members’ interest. Another strategy for member engagement involves incorporating network use into day-to- day job  responsibilities. Deliberately designing the network through business planning makes activities more relevant to individuals; the intersection between network activities and daily business functions is expanding. The goal is to link part of an individual’s performance expectations to network participation, which boosts engagement as well as know ledge sharing. CHALLENGE WITH THE NOE’S All 120-plus networks arc global, and this can present some challenges. The knowledge-sharing team works with the network leaders and network core teams to address these challenges as they arise. One such challenge is the cultural differences among various regions with regard to sharing knowledge. Whereas most Westerners are fairly comfortable with posting questions and comments to ask and discuss forums, engaging members in the Asia-Pacific region can be more difficult because employees from these cultures arc less comfortable singling out individuals. Core team members in these regions work diligently to build network participation. Time zones present another challenge for global networks. Virtual meetings are scheduled in the early morning or the evening to accommodate different parts of the world and can be repeated at 12-hour intervals if needed. Roles Several hundred employees across ConocoPhillips work on knowledge-sharing activities, most of them part-time. As mentioned, the core knowledge-sharing team supports network activities, and six full-time resources help manage networks. Each network is supported by a network sponsor and leader, a core team, network members, and subject matter experts. Network Sponsors A network sponsor provides overall guidance and visibility for the network. Sponsors are influential senior-level managers from organization-wide business streams. They secure funding and help set direction and strategy with community leaders. A network sponsor also helps create and refine the network’s business case and verify buy- in with business unit leaders. He or she supports the network through executive briefings and communication with stakeholders. Sponsors appoint, coach, and support network leaders, including linking their performance to career progression. In addition, sponsors ensure that network members’ community activities are recognized  and rewarded within their business units and globally. Network Leaders Networks of excellence are supported by network leaders who are selected by sponsors or business-unit leaders. These individuals are responsible for ensuring that core team members, subject matter experts, and other network members understand the purpose of the community and their roles and responsibilities. They work closely with the network sponsors to ensure that the focus of the network reflects business unit needs. Network leaders also seek feedback from core team members about network activity, communicate the value of participation, and solicit business unit feedback. In addition to checking the community portal for submissions and pushing new content to members and subject matter experts, leaders: * Facilitate responses for portal-based questions in a timely manner * Direct Ask and Discuss questions to the appropriate subject matter expert or member * Encourage the regular use of content with questions Leaders help train members on how to use the tools and resources available in the community. They also acknowledge member participation with awards, recognition, and performance feedback. The time spent on leadership activities varies by network. One individual may manage three networks and spend approximately 33 percent of his or her time doing this. Others may spend 20 percent of their time on managing one network, depending on other business demands. The role is integrated with job responsibilities; it is not an additional role that leaders are expected to assume on top of their day-to-day functions. â€Å"They don’t put on another hat and slop doing their other jobs,† said Miriam Fjellaker, network specialist. â€Å"The role is integrated and helps them improve their other job functions.† Core Team Members Core team members check the portal site daily for new submissions and developments and respond to Ask and Discuss questions. They also set up alerts for members on key content areas. Core team members also: * Work with network leaders and sponsors to make sure the needs and issues of the local business unit are adequately reflected within the scope and activities of the global network * Push e-mail threads to the portal as much as  possible * Communicate community activities to the business units * Empower and encourage members to use networks as part of their daily work processes Network Members Network members are encouraged to select and join the networks that relate to their work. They are also encouraged to share knowledge, best practices, and lessons learned in the network portal and leverage network relationships to ask questions, get answers, and learn with global colleagues. Subject Matter Experts Subject matter experts share knowledge, best practices, and lessons learned in the network portal. They also work with the community and other subject matter experts to develop and agree on best practices. Being responsive is important, subject matter experts are encouraged to respond to Ask and Discuss questions related to their areas of expertise as quickly as possible they are expected to use their expertise to move others forward. Subject matter experts also provide input to the network leader and core team regarding how their areas of expertise should be addressed in the network’s business case and other projects and initiatives Technology for Networks SharePoint is used across the enterprise to post questions and promote knowledge sharing. A dedicated team creates and manages portal sites and networks. All networks are standardized and have the same look and feel. Cultural Enablers for Sustaining Networks Networks at ConocoPhillips vary in size, scope, and function. The goal, said Smith, is to uncover the unique personality of each network and promote a culture that works. â€Å"You can’t click your heels and change the culture; leaders have to make it happen.† The community leader is expected to brainstorm ways to shape the culture and increase engagement Pushing alerts and responding to Ask and Discuss questions are important and help promote a culture that is conducive to sharing knowledge. Knowledge sharing is indirectly linked to ConocoPhillips’s performance and incentive compensation structure. This link serves as a strong motivator for employees to  participate in knowledge sharing, and it demonstrates the organizational commitment to networks of excellence. Reward and recognition programs are designed to increase network participation. Specifically, a reward and recognition structure helps motivate employees to participate in networks and promotes a know ledge-sharing culture Training is another cultural enabler. ConocoPhillips has a number of training efforts that explain network functionality and potential. Training The Network University is the training vehicle that supports ConocoPhillips’s network activities from launch to deployment Network University provides access to documents, presentations, and role descriptions that help form and maintain networks. Quick links from the KM home page provide overviews for new and experienced members. Users can also download a FAQ on networks or link to established sites. The organization uses Network University to train network leaders. It provides detailed descriptions of roles and expectations related to network leadership. The more than 150 network leaders frequently go to the site for guidance on how to maintain networks at ConocoPhillips. In addition, less experienced network leaders are often paired with experienced leaders for mentoring purposes. New hires receive training on networks during the onboarding process. A 90-minute segment shows how to map to networks and how networks tap in to expertise across the organization to better share knowledge. Communication Communicating the value and purpose of networks of excellence is critical to sustaining engagement and attracting new members. According to Ranta, â€Å"We realized we had to get out there and tell our story if we wanted networks to succeed.† The organization continues to increase communication efforts designed to spread the word on the value of networks. Network leaders and sponsors frequently communicate success stories to network members. External validation is promoted across the organization. For example, a number of corporate magazine articles showcase the success of networks at ConocoPhillips. The organization publicizes these articles to show the value of network activity. In 2009, ConocoPhillips was named a North American Most Admired Knowledge Enterprise (MAKE), and this award was also communicated  across the organization. Communication is so important to the overall success of ConocoPhillips’s knowledge- sharing program that one of its full-time knowledge-sharing team members, Yvonne Myles, is the designated communications adviser. This individual supports the communication efforts of the networks of excellence along with communication initiatives that promote networks to the larger organization and externally. Each network uses a portal to communicate activities and news. In addition to linking to key news and discussions, portals showcase award recipients and network leaders. Participation Recognition Motivating employees to participate in networks of excellence is critical. Global and local rewards programs recognize members for network participation. For example, the prestigious Archimedes Award is presented to the top networks and success stories each year and recognizes regions for their knowledge-sharing behaviors. ConocoPhillips also collects collaboration success stories to highlight the business value of networks. To date, there are thousands of success stories that provide optimal business solutions. The stories are quality controlled and stored in the knowledge repository for future access. Regional areas sometimes create their own awards. Other recognition programs are supported by peers and implemented across networks Peers may also nominate members for awards through the network portal. Online submission is quick and easy. Members are nominated for excellence in contributions, Ask and Discuss forum participation, and engaging others in trusted relationships. Some networks of excellence have an award for outstanding discussions. Winners are celebrated on the network home page. KNOWLEDGE ONLINE Knowledge OnLine is a centralized digital hub for all knowledge sharing activities, resources, and intellectual property’. It is accessed through the corporate portal. Within Knowledge OnLine, subject matter experts and community members maintain profiles that showcase their expertise. Each profile includes a member picture and incorporates technical background and project industry experience. Members attach current resumes to their profiles. They ask their experts to perform a search on their expertise to make sure they show up in the search results and it helps them to show their  expertise Global excellence leaders develop and maintain functional networks (i.e., communities) that cross all business groups. They provide leadership for their respective knowledge communities. Specifically, global excellence leaders are responsible for best-practice approvals, reference systems, and career paths for the organization, including training, required readings, and unique tools for that discipline. An additional responsibility is career development. The role is prestigious; after serving as global excellence leaders, many individuals become executives. Communities are supported by leaders, knowledge managers, a global core KM team, and subject matter experts. A centralized KM team oversees community activities and works closely with leaders, knowledge managers, and subject matter experts across the enterprise Strategy for Sustaining Effective Networks of Excellence ConocoPhillip’s KM program replicates its community, content, discussions, and profiling approaches across its 42 functional and four corporate communities. It implies a global mind-set, with consistency of purpose and practice regardless of topic or geography. It implies designing KM so that each employee can tap in to the knowledge of the organization as a whole in order to respond to a client’s needs. It also implies access to content and people from anywhere clients or employees need help to solve a problem or enhance their skill. Knowledge communities are used to drive organizational transformation. In fact, communities are often created to fill a business need or knowledge gap and then decommissioned when they are no longer relevant. A work-share community, for example, addressed practices and procedures that were required to work in New Delhi and Manila. Now these practices are embedded into daily work processes and incorporated into standard operating procedures , and the community no longer exists. Similarly, a next-generation community is currently in place to explore future technology solutions. However, when next-generation technology is implemented and begins to become the de facto way to work, this community’s content will be migrated into appropriate mainstream communities for long-term stewardship. Communities also provide work process innovation. For example, practice and procedure updates are managed and implemented in communities. A subject matter expert uses a discussion forum to collect suggestions or ideas to improve a procedure document. Using feedback from  community members, the subject matter expert will update a policy or procedure and review changes. This process helps gain buy-in for policy and procedure changes, as well as global buy-in for the practice. The approach also has an associated cost benefit. In the past, they had large budgets for this process. Today, they have set a goal of updating or reviewing one-third of the practices using a fraction of the old budget. Communities also support more distributed project execution at Fluor. The organization uses a project activity model to illustrate activities and provide project management guidance. Using the community framework, members are able to update a map and provide color-coded areas of responsibility for more effective project execution. Communities can add training materials on how to complete project activities, along with templates and descriptions. Another work process improvement is linked to the organizational communication strategy. The old practice was to disseminate information about communities through the organizational hierarchy. However, not everyone saw those communications. Now communities send newsletters to the entire community membership. As a result, messages have a broader readership (greater penetration), which ultimately helps attract new members. Each message is sent as an e-mail with a link to the latest newsletter. This draws in employees who perhaps are not familiar with the system, thereby potentially recruiting new members. Employees frequently reply to messages and are encouraged to join a particular community as part of a routine follow – up. Knowledge Loss Risk Assessment Communities help in the identification of knowledge gaps or knowledge at risk—that is, knowledge that might be lost if the individual who possesses it retires from the organization. Fluor uses a knowledge-loss risk assessment process to determine the impact of retirement and resource gaps. The assessments also effectively communicate the potential impact of knowledge loss. Adapted from the Tennessee Valley Authority model, the formula multiplies the retirement factor (how soon) against the position risk factor (uniqueness of the individual’s knowledge) to determine the total attrition factor. This process helps integrate knowledge sharing with human capital management by identifying when subject matter expertise is at  risk and when the organization should identify a successor or protà ©gà © for a subject matter expert. Measuring Networks of Excellence ConocoPhillips’s knowledge-sharing team employs both objective and subjective tools to evaluate the health of the organization’s networks, identify where weaknesses exist, and prescribe ways for network leaders to improve their networks. Measuring the business impact of networks is a regular activity for the knowledge-sharing team and network leaders. Assessing Networks for Value: Success Stories ConocoPhillips believes that â€Å"you manage what you measure.† Keeping detailed records of business impact has served to galvanize sponsorship and attract and sustain membership to networks. One way the organization assesses business value is through validated success stories. Stories are submitted by employees and document cost savings, reduced cycle times, safety and environmental improvements, and other tangible business benefits. A story may also identify a critical business or technical issue that was solved using the community. Each year, the organization collects success story nominations and selects the best examples of collaboration. Supervisors, regional representatives and the knowledge sharing leadership team review and validate each story, adding a value statement to provide quick snapshot of the business value provided. Once success stories are approved, they are posted to the knowledge library where they can be accessed by other networks. BIBLIOGRAPHY www.conocophillips.com/ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ConocoPhillips www.apqc.org www.ibforum.com www.aiim.org www.hrcommunication.com www.zoominfo.com

The Hershey Milk Chocolate Bar - 1468 Words

For over one hundred years, there has been only one company that has been on top of the candy industry in North America; Hershey. With over 14,000 employees, serving 70 countries worldwide and net sales of $6.6 billon, Hershey has come out on top. The Hershey company began in 1894 by Milton Hershey. The company has over 8 factories, but their main headquarters resides in Pennsylvania. The beloved Hershey milk chocolate bar has been a favorite by many, but would it still be if more people knew how it came to be that? One of chocolates main ingredients is cocoa. Cocoa, or cocoa beans come from tropical areas around the world, but is mostly found on the Ivory Coast in West Africa. Hershey, along with Mars and Nestle are the three major companies that buy their cocoa from West Africa, but with further investigation, it has been known that over 4,400 children work on those cocoa farms that they buy from. Hershey has bought and produced tons of chocolate for over 50 years that has had the blood, sweat and tears of the not only the children on the Ivory Coast, but the adults as well. The way that Hershey has been able to sell to their consumers with very low prices on all their products is because they buy from the cocoa farms that have child slaves. Many of which were taken from their homes, sold or needed to provide for their families. They would come work for cocoa farmers and get paid little to nothing. Children who work on the Ivory Coast usually are between ages 12 and 16,Show MoreRelatedHersheys Chocolate Essay1561 Words   |  7 Pagesa young child walking into a chocolate museum where chocolate lines the walls, you can create your own one of a kind candy bar, thousands of different types of chocolates, and chocolate bars line the walls. We have all failed several times, and sometimes we have given up. 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